- For other meanings, see: Ruma (disambiguation)
Monument in the center of the city.
Ruma (Serbian cyrillic: ????) is a town and municipality located in Vojvodina, Serbia at 45°00'N 19°50'E? / ?45, 19.83. In 2002 the town had a total population of 32,229, while Ruma municipality had a population of 60,006.
History
Traces of organized human life on the territory of Ruma municipality date back as far as the prehistory. The most important archaeological locality in the municipality is Gomolava near Hrtkovci. First known inhabitants of this area were various peoples of Illyrian and Celtic origin, such as the Amantini, Breuci, Scordisci, etc. During Roman rule, local inhabitants lost their ethnic character and adopted Roman culture. There were no larger Roman settlements on the territory of Ruma, but a certain number of agricultural estates known as "villae rusticae" were located there.
Migrations of Huns, Germanic peoples, Avars and Slavs destroyed the Roman culture in this area. During the following centuries, the region was ruled by Frankish Empire, Bulgarian Empire, Byzantine Empire and Kingdom of Hungary.
The settlement named Ruma was first mentioned in an Ottoman defter from 1566/7. In that period Ruma was a village inhabited by Serbs, with 49 houses a church and three priests. [1]
Since 1718, Ruma was under administration of the Habsburg Monarchy. In 1746, the town of Ruma was founded near the village of Ruma. First inhabitants of the town were Serbs, [2] who came from neighboring settlements, as well as Germans, who came from Germany. In the beginning of the 19th century, Croats and Hungarians settled there as well. In 1807, a large rebellion of the Syrmian peasants known as the Tican's Rebellion started on the estate of Ruma, with its center in the village of Voganj. During the Hungarian Revolution of 1848, Ruma was one of the important centers of Serbian national movement in Syrmia. According to the 1910 census, population of the Ruma municipality numbered 49,138 inhabitants, of whom 22,956 spoke Serbian, 15,529 German, 5,746 Hungarian, and 3,730 Croatian. [3]
After the collapse of the Habsburg Monarchy, on November 24, 1918, the Assembly of Syrmia proclaimed the union of Syrmia with the Kingdom of Serbia.
Before World War II, Ruma was one of the centers of German national minority in Kingdom of Yugoslavia. In 1942, during the Axis occupation of Syrmia, a unit of the Third Reich's Wehrmacht, known as the Volunteer Company Ruma ES der DM, was formed from local Volksdeutsche volunteers. [4] A large number of non-German citizens of Ruma participated in anti-fascist struggle against Axis occupation. [5] In 1944, as a consequence of the war, most members of German national minority left the town escaping before Yugoslav partisans and Soviet Red Army. [6] After the war, colonists from various parts of former Kingdom of Yugoslavia settled this area. During the 1990s, about 10,000 refugees from Croatia, Bosnia and Kosovo settled in Ruma as well.
Inhabited places
Ruma municipality includes the city of Ruma and the following villages:
Demographics (2002 census)
Ethnic groups in the Ruma municipality
All settlements in the municipality have an ethnic Serb majority.
Ethnic groups in the Ruma town
Notable citizens
- Atanasije Stojkovic, scientist and literate.
- Teodor Filipovic (Boža Grujovic), first secretary of "Praviteljstvujušci sovjet" in Karadorde's Serbia.
- Jovan Pantelic, painter.
- Konstantin Pantelic, painter.
- Atanasije Teodorovic, first professor of Serbian Lyceum.
- Dimitrije Matic, statesman and lawmaker.
- Teodor Toša Andrejevic, musician.
- Dr. Žarko Miladinovic, public worker, politician and minister in the government of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes.
- Radovan Košutic, phylologist.
- Pavle Vujovic, professor of the University of Belgrade.
- Antun Lombajer, author of first "History of Chirurgy" in Croatian language.
- Stjepko Gut, jazz musician.
- Slavko Mader, Croatian writer
See also
References
- ^ "Municipalities of Serbia, 2006". Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia.
- ^ (in Serbian)Popis stanovništva, domacinstava i Stanova 2002. Knjiga 1: Nacionalna ili etnicka pripadnost po naseljima. Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia. 2003. ISBN 86-84443-00-09.
External links
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